This report explores the use of “gatekeeper” mechanisms as a means of enhancing the effectiveness of state environmental programs. A gatekeeper is an independent third party who is enlisted by the government to assure that regulated entities properly perform under a regulatory scheme. Several existing and one proposed state environmental gatekeeping mechanisms are described and analyzed, ranging from certifying toxic use reduction plans to managing the cleanup of hazardous waste sites. This report analyzes and identifies the characteristics of a regulatory situation that could significantly benefit from the use of a gatekeeper mechanism....
